pg. 133 Emissions maintenance

Periodic maintenance helps minimize emissions
Periodic maintenance will help keep your vehicle running well. Your Warranty and Service Records Information booklet provides a comprehensive periodic maintenance schedule up to 150,000 miles (240,000 km) of vehicle service. The schedule includes components that affect vehicle emissions. This page describes some of the emission-related components.

Engine air filter
The engine air filter cleans particles from air entering the engine. Replace the engine air filter cartridge with a new one every 37,500 miles (60,000 km) under normal driving conditions. Replace the cartridge more often when the vehicle is driven under dirty and dusty conditions. The cartridge cannot be cleaned, and should always be replaced with a new one.

Fuel filter
The fuel filter should be replaced at 105,000 miles (168,000 km) or at 120,000 miles (193,000 km) for the 2.5T engine on AWD models. The filter is replaced as a complete unit. Replace more frequently if contaminated fuel is introduced into the tank, or if there is reason to suspect that this has occurred.

Fuel system, including filler cap, tank, lines, and connections
The ability of the fuel system to contain hydrocarbons depends upon a leak-free system. Inspect fuel lines every 30,000 miles (48,000 km). Check for proper sealing of the fuel filler cap, which contains "O" ring seals.

NOTE: If the fuel filler cap is not closed tightly or if the engine is running when the car is refueled, the Check Engine light (Malfunction Indicator) may indicate a fault. However, your vehicle's performance will not be affected. Use only Volvo original or approved fuel filler caps.

Timing belt
For proper functioning of the engine and emission control systems, the timing belt and belt tensioner must be replaced every 105,000 miles (168,000 km) or at 120,000 miles (193,000 km) for the 2.5T engine on AWD models. Engine damage will occur if the belt fails.

PCV system
(The nipple in the intake manifold and the filter at the end of the PCV hose in the air cleaner should be inspected and cleaned as follows:
· 5-cylinder turbo engine: at 120,000 miles (193,000 km), and every 45,000 miles (72,500 km) thereafter.
· 6-cylinder turbo engine: at 105,000 miles (168,000 km), and every 45,000 miles (72,500 km) thereafter.

Spark plugs
The spark plugs should be replaced every 60,000 miles (96,000 km) under normal driving conditions. City driving or fast highway driving may necessitate replacement sooner.

Under normal driving conditions, spark plugs require no maintenance between replacement intervals. When installing new plugs, be sure to use the right type and to tighten them correctly. When changing the plugs, clean the terminals and rubber seals. Also check that the suppressor connectors are in good condition. Cracked or damaged connectors should be replaced.

pg. 134 Servicing





Washer fluid reservoir
The washer fluid reservoir is located in the engine compartment and holds approx. 4.7 US qts. (4.5 liters).
During cold weather, the reservoir should be filled with windshield washer solvent containing antifreeze.


Hoisting the car
If a garage jack is used to lift the car, the two jack attachments points should be used. They are specially reinforced to bear the weight of the car. A garage jack can also be placed under the front of the engine support frame. Take care not to damage the splash guard under the engine. Ensure that the jack is positioned so that the car cannot slide off it. Always use axle stands or similar structures.
If a two-post hoist is used to lift the car, the front and rear lift arm pads should be centered under the reinforced lift plates on the inboard edge of the sill rail (see illustration above).

pg. 135 Opening the hood, Engine compartment





Opening the hood

  • Pull the lever located under the left side of the dash to release the hood lock.
  • Lift the hood slightly.
  • Press up the release control located under the front edge of the hood (at the center) and lift.

    WARNING!
    Check that the hood locks properly when closed.


    Engine compartment
    1 Expansion tank - coolant
    2 Oil filler cap - engine
    3 Dipstick - engine oil
    4 Brake fluid reservoir
    5 Battery (in trunk)
    6 Data plate
    7 Radiator/cooling fan
    8 Power steering fluid reservoir
    9 Air cleaner
    10 Washer fluid reservoir
    11 Main fuse box
    12 Relay/fuse box

    WARNING!
    The cooling fan may start or continue to operate (for up to 6 minutes) after the engine has been switched off.

    pg. 136 Engine oil

    Oil quality
    Engine oil must meet the minimum ILSAC specification GF-2, including ACEA A1, API SJ, SJ/CF and SJ/Energy Conserving.
    Your Volvo has been certified to standards using ILSAC oil specification GF-2 5W-30. Volvo recommends use of oil with a quality rating equal to or higher than ILSAC GF-2. Equivalent and better oils include ACEA A1, API SJ, SJ/CF, and SJ/Energy conserving. Lower quality oils may not offer the same fuel economy, engine performance, or engine protection.
    Volvo Cars recommends Castrol.
    Depending on your driving habits, premium or synthetic oils may provide superior fuel economy and engine protection. Consult your Volvo retailer for recommendations on premium or synthetic oils.
    Oil additives must not be.

    NOTE: Synthetic oil is not used when the oil is changed at the normal maintenance services. This oil is only used at customer request, at additional charge. Please consult your Volvo retailer.

    Oil viscosity (stable ambient temperatures)
    Operation in temperate climates
    Incorrect viscosity oil can shorten engine life. Under normal use when temperatures do not exceed 86°F (30°C), SAE 5W/30 will provide good fuel economy and engine protection. See the viscosity chart below.

    Operation in hot climates
    When temperatures exceed 86°F (30°C) in your area, Volvo recommends, for the protection of your engine, that you use a heavier weight oil, such as SAE 10W/30. See the viscosity chart below.

    Extreme engine operation
    Synthetic oils meeting SAE 10W/30 and complying with oil quality requirements are recommended for driving in areas of sustained temperature extremes (hot or cold), when towing a trailer over long distances, and for prolonged driving in mountainous areas.

    Changing oil and oil filter
    Oil and oil filter changes should be made at 7,500 mile (12,000 km) intervals.

    The API Service Symbol


    The API Service Symbol "donut" is divided into three parts:

  • The top half describes the oil's performance level.
  • The center identifies the oil's viscosity.
  • The bottom half tells whether the oil has demonstrated energy-conserving proper ties in a standard test in comparison to a reference oil.

    Viscosity (stable ambient temperatures)

    Break-in Period
    Although some oil consumption occurs during normal engine operation, more oil is consumed when the engine is new as the internal parts generate higher friction while wearing-in each other. From the time the engine is new until the first service is performed, the oil consumption could be higher than normal. For this reason, it is especially important to check the oil every time you refuel you car during this period.

    pg. 137 Engine oil

    Checking the oil level
    The oil level should be checked every time the car is refuelled. This is especially important during the period up to the first service.

    CAUTION:
    Not checking the oil level regularly can result in serious engine damage if the oil level becomes too low.

    Park the car on a level surface and wait for at least 5 minutes after the engine has been switched off. Be sure the oil level is maintained between the upper and lower marks on the dipstick. Low oil level can cause internal damage to the engine and overfilling can result in high oil consumption. The distance between the dipstick marks represents approx. 1.6 US qt (1.5 liter). The oil should preferably be checked when cold, before the engine has been started.

    NOTE: The engine must be stopped when checking the oil.

    WARNING!
    Do not allow oil to spill onto or come into contact with hot exhaust pipe surfaces.

    Adding oil (topping up)

  • Add oil of the same kind as already used.
  • Capacity (including filter):
    5-cylinder turbo engine - 6.1 US qts (5.8 liters)
    6-cylinder turbo engine - 7.3 US qts (6.9 liters).
  • The oil filter should be replaced at every oil change.



    pg. 138 Power steering/Brake fluid reservoirs




    Power steering fluid
    The fluid level should always be between the MIN and MAX marks.
    Fluid type: Volvo synthetic power steering fluid (Pentosin CHF 11S) P/N 1161529, or equivalent.
    Replace: No fluid change required

    NOTE: If a problem should occur in the power steering system or if the car has no electrical current and must be towed, it is still possible to steer the car. However, keep in mind that greater effort will be required to turn the steering wheel.

    Brake fluid
    The brake fluid should always be above the MIN mark on the side of the reservoir. Check, without removing the cap, that there is sufficient fluid in the reservoir.
    Fluid type: DOT 4+ boiling point >536°F (280°C), P/N 9437433
    Replace: Every second year or 30,000 miles (48,000 km). The fluid should be replaced once a year or every 15,000 miles (24,000 km) when driving under extremely hard conditions (mountain driving, etc.)

    Always entrust brake fluid changing to an authorized Volvo retailer.

    pg. 139 Replacing the battery


    Replacing the battery

    Version A

  • Switch off the ignition.
    · Wait at least 10 minutes after switching off the ignition before disconnecting the battery so that all information in the car's electrical system can be stored in the control modules.
  • Remove the bolts on the retaining bracket over the battery and lift out the bracket.
  • Disconnect the negative (ground) cable first.
  • Fold up the plastic cover over the positive battery terminal.
  • Disconnect the positive cable and lift off the plastic cover.
  • Pull the ventilation hose* from the battery.
  • Remove the bolt on the lower retaining bracket and remove the bracket.
  • Lift out the old battery and put a new one into place.
  • Put the lower retaining bracket in place and retighten the bolt.
  • Press the cover for the positive battery terminal into place.
  • Reconnect the positive cable.
  • Fold down the lid of the plastic cover over the positive terminal.
  • Connect the negative (ground) cable.
  • Be sure that the ventilation hose* is securely connected to the battery and that the other end of the hose is properly routed through the ventilation opening in the floor of the battery compartment.
  • Reinstall the retaining bracket over the battery and retighten the nuts.

    Version B

  • Switch off the ignition.
  • Unscrew the cover over the battery. Wait at least 10 minutes after switching off the ignition before disconnecting the battery so that all information in the car's electrical system can be stored in the control modules.
  • Disconnect the negative (ground) cable first.
  • Disconnect the positive cable and pull the ventilation hose* from the battery.
  • Remove the bolt on the lower retaining bracket and remove the bracket.
  • Lift out the old battery and put a new one into place.
  • Put the lower retaining bracket in place and retighten the bolt.
  • Connect the positive cable first.
  • Connect the negative (ground) cable.
  • Be sure that the ventilation hose* is securely connected to the battery and that the other end of the hose is properly routed through the ventilation opening in the floor of the battery compartment.
  • Reinstall the cover and screw it securely in place.

    WARNING!
    * Ventilation hose: The battery generates hydrogen gas, which is flammable and explosive. The battery is fitted with a ventilation hose which vents hydrogen gas out of the battery compartment through a ventilation opening in the bottom of this compartment. If the battery must be replaced, it is essential that the ventilation hose is properly connected to the battery and that it is routed through the ventilation opening provided (see illustration).
    Be sure the ventilation hose is free of debris.
    Only use replacement batteries equipped with a ventilation hose. Consult your Volvo retailer.

    NOTE: After the battery has been disconnected or replaced, lock and unlock the car with the central locking system's remote control to reactivate such features as the power windows, moonroof, courtesy lighting, etc.

    pg. 140 Battery maintenance

    Battery warning symbols


    Battery maintenance
    The battery in your car is located under the floor of the trunk.
    Driving habits and conditions, climate, the number of starts, etc. all affect the service life and function of the battery. In order for your battery to perform satisfactorily, keep the following in mind:


  • Check the fluid level in each cell in the battery every 24 months or every 15,000* miles (24,000 km), whichever is sooner. The fluid should be at the level shown in the illustration above (A)**.
    Use a screw driver to open the caps and a flashlight to inspect the level.
  • If necessary, add distilled water. The level should never be above the indicator (A**).
  • The fluid level should be checked if the battery has been recharged.
  • After inspection, be sure the cap over each battery cell is securely in place.
  • Check that the battery cables are correctly connected and properly tightened.
  • Never disconnect the battery when the engine is running, for example when changing the battery.
  • The battery should be disconnected from the vehicle when a battery charger is used directly on the battery.

    However, if the battery is being charged via the connecting points in the engine compartment (see page 92), the battery must be connected.

    WARNING!

  • Never expose the battery to open flame or electric spark.
  • Do not smoke near the battery.
  • Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Do not allow battery fluid to contact eyes, skin, fabrics or painted surfaces. If contact occurs, flush the affected area immediately with water. Obtain medical help immediately if eyes are affected.

    • PROPOSITION 65 WARNING!
    Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

    * More frequently in warm climates.
    **The level indicator inside the battery may be designed in various ways. See illustration above!

    pg. 141 Replacing wiper blades





    Windshield wiper blades

  • Lift the wiper arm off the windshield.
  • Press in the catches (A in the illustration above).
  • Pull out the wiper blade.
  • Insert a new wiper blade and ensure that it is firmly in place.

    NOTE: The driver's side wiper blade is longer than the one on the passenger's side.


    Headlight wiper blades (certain models)
    Pull the wiper blade in the direction indicated by the arrow in the illustration to remove it. Press the new wiper blade into place. The long section of the blade should point toward the grille. Check that the new blade is properly attached to the wiper arm.

    NOTE: For reasons of safety, you should change the windshield wiper blades as soon as they start to leave marks on the windshield or fail to wipe efficiently and cleanly.

    To obtain maximum lifetime from a set of wiper blades, clean them with a stiff-bristle brush and warm, soapy water as part of a normal car wash.

    pg. 142


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